Research Article
Early Adiposity Rebound and Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein in Childhood Obesity
| Arisaka O*, Ichikawa G, Koyama S, Shimura N, Imataka G, Kurosawa H and Nitta A | |
| Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine Mibu, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi-ken, 321-0293 Japan | |
| *Corresponding Author : | Arisaka O Department of Pediatrics Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine Mibu, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi-ken, 321-0293, Japan Fax: +81 (0) 282 86 7521 Tel: +81 (0)282 86 1111 E-mail: arisaka@dokkyomed.ac.jp |
| Received: February 16, 2016 Accepted: February 25, 2016 Published: February 29, 2016 | |
| Citation: Arisaka O, Ichikawa G, Koyama S, Shimura N, Imataka G et al. (2016) Early Adiposity Rebound and Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein in Childhood Obesity. J Obes Weight Loss Ther 6:301. doi:10.4172/2165-7904.1000301 | |
| Copyright: © 2016 Arisaka O, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. | |
Abstract
Aim: The adiposity rebound (AR) corresponds to the second rise in the body mass index (BMI) curve that occurs between ages 5 and 7 years. The goal of this study was to determine whether age at AR is related to the presence at 12 years old of small dense low-density lipoprotein (SDLDL), an atherogenic lipoprotein produced as a metabolic consequence of AR. Methods: A longitudinal population-based prospective study was performed in 215 children. Serial measurements of BMI were conducted at ages 1, 1.5, 2 and yearly thereafter until 12, based on which age at AR was calculated. The subjects were divided into 5 groups according to age at AR of ≤4, 5, 6, 7 and ≥8 years. Plasma lipids and SDLDL were measured at 12 years of age. SDLDL (LDL particle size <25.5 nm) was determined by nondenaturing 2-16% gradient gel electrophoresis. Results: The prevalences of SDLDL were 15.0% in children with age at AR ≤4 y, 8.1% in those with age at AR 5 y, and 0% in all other groups (AR at ≥6 years). An earlier AR was significantly associated with higher BMI, increased plasma triglyceride (p < 0.05), increased atherogenic index (p < 0.05), and decreased HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.05) at 12 years of age. Conclusion: Children with AR before 4 years old showed a high prevalence of atherogenic SDLDL, indicating a predisposition for future cardiovascular disease.
