Research Article
Stance Quantified in Real World Scenario: Changes in Knee Joint Kinematic between Shod and Barefoot Running
| Gurtej Grewal1*, Mary Lou Bareither3, Matthew Walthers2, Jacqueline Lee-Eng1, Ruben Goebel4 and Bijan Najafi1 | ||
| 1Interdisciplinary Consortium on Advanced Motion Performance (iCAMP), University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, USA | ||
| 2Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA | ||
| 3Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA | ||
| 4Sport Science Program, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar | ||
| Corresponding Author : | Dr. Gurtej Grewal, PhD Interdisciplinary Consortium on Advanced Motion Performance (iCAMP) University of Arizona, College of Medicine 1656 E Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA Tel: 520333 7920 E-mail: ggrewal@surgery.arizona.edu |
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| Received April 22, 2014; Accepted May 28, 2014; Published June 07, 2014 | ||
| Citation: Grewal G, Bareither ML, Walthers M, Lee-Eng J, Goebel R, et al. (2014) Stance Quantified in Real World Scenario: Changes in Knee Joint Kinematic between Shod and Barefoot Running. Clin Res Foot Ankle 2:143. doi:10.4172/2329-910X.1000143 | ||
| Copyright: © 2014 Grewal G, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. | ||
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Abstract
Background: Barefoot running has been reported to cause favorable biomechanical changes during running. However, knee joint kinematics changes in stance phase during different running conditions in out of laboratory setup has not be explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate three dimensional changes in knee kinematics among habitual shod runners outside of gait laboratory during shod and barefoot running.
Methods: Using unobtrusive body-worn sensors mounted to anatomical segments, kinematic data were acquired in twelve healthy young individuals (Age 22.5 ± 2.2 years, BMI 21.4 ± 2 Kg/m2). Several kinematic parameters were compared between shod and barefoot running including three dimensional knee joint range of motion, tibia internalexternal rotation, knee medial-lateral impact, stride time, flight time, contact time and shock propagation time.
Results: With no significant difference (p=0.21) in running speed between the two trial conditions, significant reduction (6.4%, p=0.005) in flexion-extension range and increase (8.4%, p=0.0001) in internal-external rotation range of knee joint was observed from barefoot running. The knee joint Varus-valgus range of motion and impact was not influenced (p=0.88) by running condition. A significant increase of tibia rotation, shock transmission time (27%) from tibia to sacrum was observed (p=0.009) along with changes in gait cycle time and flight time (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The current study using body-worn sensors explored three dimensional changes in knee joint kinematics during stance phase under different running conditions in an out of laboratory environment. The results suggest that in habitual shod runners transiting to barefoot running can have negative impact from significant increase in range of internal-external rotation of knee joint and tibia. Future research studies are warranted in a larger sample size to confirm the findings.
