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Pneumonia pathogenesis involves the invasion of lung tissue by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi, leading to an inflammatory response in the alveoli. The most common bacterial cause is Streptococcus pneumoniae. The pathogens trigger an immune response, resulting in the accumulation of fluid, immune cells, and inflammatory mediators in the alveoli, impairing gas exchange. This leads to symptoms like fever, cough, and difficulty breathing. Host factors such as weakened immunity, underlying conditions, or environmental exposure can increase susceptibility. Severe cases may result in respiratory failure or sepsis, necessitating prompt medical intervention.

Pneumonia Pathogenesis

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