Various nanovehicles have been explored to facilitate intracellular delivery of proteins, such as liposomes, polymers, gold nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, quantum dots and carbon nanotubes. Different approaches have been reported on the delivery of protein drugs using polymeric and liposomal carriers. Unfortunately, no single formulation has been considered ideal for all types of protein drugs and approaches. Some of the main issues associated with these strategies are protein denaturation and deactivation due to the use of organic solvents to prepare some of the polymeric formulations. Moreover, liposomes usually display low protein loading, have inadequate stability, and exhibit sluggish protein release inside the cells.
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Last date updated on March, 2025