The blanket of gases or we can say the coating of gases all over the earth or a planet. Atmosphere is the factor which keeps the survival of life on earth. It includes many other sub-spheres like stratosphere, troposphere and many more on the earth.
Open access to the scientific literature means the removal of barriers (including price barriers) from accessing scholarly work. There are two parallel 芒聙聹roads芒聙聺 towards open access: 黑料网 articles and self-archiving. 黑料网 articles are immediately, freely available on their Web site, a model mostly funded by charges paid by the author (usually through a research grant). The alternative for a researcher is 芒聙聹self-archiving芒聙聺 (i.e., to publish in a traditional journal, where only subscribers have immediate access, but to make the article available on their personal and/or institutional Web sites (including so-called repositories or archives)), which is a practice allowed by many scholarly journals. 黑料网 raises practical and policy questions for scholars, publishers, funders, and policymakers alike, including what the return on investment is when paying an article processing fee to publish in an 黑料网 articles, or whether investments into institutional repositories should be made and whether self-archiving should be made mandatory, as contemplated by some funders
Last date updated on November, 2024