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This prospective cohort study was carried out during January 2018 to January 2020. An application check-list was designed based on the objects of the study and was filled for all admitted patients. The age of all 100 participants were 65 years and over consisting of 39 female and 61 male. Infectious causes were responsible for febrile encephalopathy in 94 patients, of which 84% had an extra-cranial infection and neuroinfectious process was detected in 10%. In a nonspecific pathology, referring to disorders that affect the cerebral function and cause structural or functional changes in the brain. Being frequently under diagnosed, especially in the early stages of clinical compromise in which there is a clear predominance of selective weakness in long flexors of the fingers and forearms and quadriceps femoris before progression to scapular girdle, lower limb distal groups and bulbar regions. There are well-established clinic pathological diagnostic criteria described by the European Neuromuscular Centre which are currently used to diagnose IBM with clinical and research purposes. Being frequently under diagnosed, especially in the early stages of clinical compromise in which there is a clear predominance of selective weakness in long flexors of the fingers and forearms and quadriceps femoris before progression to scapular girdle, lower limb distal groups and bulbar regions. Inflammatory myopathies represent the main group of acquired myopathies in the clinical practice with a well-established clinical, laboratorial, imaging and also therapeutical aspects related to the idiopathic and paraneoplastic polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Despite of it’s the designation and classification as an inflammatory myopathy by most of authors in the past. The Inclusion body myopathy or myositis has been progressively recognized as a chronic degenerative muscle disease. The frequent changes regarding the pathophysiological processes were the absence of the clinical response to a definite specific therapeutic approach and the recognition of new sporadic and hereditary clinical presentations are disclosing several heterogeneous facets about IBM complexity. Sporadic IBM represents the main acquired myopathy in patients over the age of about 50 years. A wide range of infectious and noninfectious processes can induce encephalopathy. Blood tests, CSF analysis and imaging techniques can be used to distinguish the various causes of encephalopathy. Encephalopathy is not limited only to a specific entity. In addition, it was demonstrated that other etiologies such as inflammatory cytokines or metabolic disorders may contribute to febrile encephalopathy. All mentioned disorders in previous studies were also reported in the patients of this study with different prevalence rate.