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Advances in Crop Science and Technology
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  • Short Communication   
  • Adv Crop Sci Tech 12: 692, Vol 12(4)

Field Assessment of Cassava Diseases at Wolaita Zone Southern Ethiopia

Zerhun Tomas Lera*
Department of Plant Pathology, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Areka Agricultural Research Center, Areka, Ethiopia
*Corresponding Author: Zerhun Tomas Lera, Department of Plant Pathology, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Areka Agricultural Research Center, Areka, Ethiopia, Email: zerhuntomas1977@gmail.com

Received: 01-Apr-2024 / Manuscript No. acst-24-134694 / Editor assigned: 04-Apr-2024 / PreQC No. acst-24-134694 / Reviewed: 18-Apr-2024 / QC No. acst-24-134694 / Revised: 22-Apr-2024 / Manuscript No. acst-24-134694 / Published Date: 29-Apr-2024

Abstract

Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) is a serious threat to cassava production in sub-Saharan Africa. Cassava field assessments were made on 2023, to know the presence of the diseases on cassava plantation located at Offa and Sodo Zuria district Southern Ethiopia. During assessment cassava leaf showed symptoms like leaf chlorosis (discoloration), distortion and reduction in leaf size and stunting of the whole plant but no symptoms were observed by external parts of the stem and root even in the internal part of the root (by dissecting tuberous root of the cassava). Based on visual inspection/observation and by comparing literature descriptions made on cassava diseases symptoms produced, the diseases was identified as Cassava mosaic disease.

Keywords

Cassava; Cassava mosaic virus disease; Cassava mosaic streak virus disease; Assessment

Introduction

Based on the invitation made by Tarpeza Development Association (TDA) on 12/1/2023, survey was carried out at cassava field and diseased leaf samples were collected for identification of diseases that attacks cassava plant [1]. Totally four farmers’ fields were surveyed at 3 km interval alongside the main roads and diseased leaf samples were collected for further reference [2]. Diseases identification was made based on visual inspection/observation made on symptoms produced on the external parts of the leaf, stem and by dissecting tuberous root part of the cassava [3]. Incidence of cassava mosaic disease was calculated as the percentage of plants with symptoms. Severity was assessed using the 1 to 5 severity scale of the International Institute of Tropical of Agriculture (IITA) (1990), where 1 = no visible symptoms, 2 = mild chlorotic patterns, 3 = mosaic patterns on all leaves and leaf distortion, 4 = mosaic pattern on all leaves, leaf distortion, and a general reduction in leaf size and 5 = misshapen and twisted leaves and stunting of the whole plant (Figure 1) [4,5].

advances-crop-science-and-technology-visible

Figure 1: Scale used in scoring for cassava mosaic disease.

Zone   Woreda Kebele     Location Altitude   Diseases
  Latitude Longitude Incidence Severity
Wolaita Offa Busha 6°46’10’’N 37°35’55’’E 1653.7 100 4
Offa Busha 6°45’23’’N 37°37’7’’E 1727.98 100 4
Offa Busha 6°44’36’’N 37°35’53’’E 1588.09 100 3
Sodo Zuria Waraza Gerera 6°49’45’’N 37°42’55’’E 1850   70 2

Table 1: Description of survey sites and Cassava Mosaic Diseases pressure

Conclusion and Recommendation

Cassava mosaic virus disease (CMD) and Cassava mosaic streak virus disease (CMSD) are the most severe and widespread, limiting production of the crop in sub-Saharan Africa. During field scouting cassava leaf showed symptoms like leaf chlorosis (discoloration), distortion and reduction in leaf size and stunting of the whole plant but no symptoms were observed by external parts of the stem and root even in the internal part of the root (by dissecting tuberous root of the cassava). Based on visual inspection/observation and by comparing literature descriptions made on cassava diseases symptoms produced, the diseases was identified as Cassava mosaic disease. This is because Cassava mosaic disease symptoms were mostly observed on leaf parts of the cassava but that of the Cassava mosaic streak virus diseases symptoms were observed in leaf, stem and internal part of the root (tuberous root necrosis). So the disease observed during survey was identified as Cassava mosaic viral disease. Future research is needed for the assessment of more agro-ecologies and molecular identification of the pathogen in addition to morphological identification.

Acknowledgements

The Authors acknowledge Areka Agricultural Research Center and Tarpeza Development Association (TDA) for their material support.

Competing Interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

References

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  2. , ,

  3. Mesfin AH, Girma F (2022) . Journal of Agriculture and Food Research 10:100456.
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  5. Atera EA, Itoh K, Onyango JC (2011) .
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  7. Atera EA, Itoh K, Azuma T, Ishii T (2012) . Weed biology and management 12: 53-62.
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  9. Gebreslasie A, Tessema T, Hamza I, Nigussie D (2016) . African Journal of Agricultural Research 11:4674-4682.
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Citation: Lera ZT (2024) Field Assessment of Cassava Diseases at Wolaita ZoneSouthern Ethiopia. Adv Crop Sci Tech 12: 692.

Copyright: © 2024 Lera ZT. This is an open-access article distributed under theterms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author andsource are credited.

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