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Perivascular Adipose Tissue can be Considered a Risk Factor forAtherosclerosis?

Leonardo Roever^1*, Elmiro Santos Resende¹ and Antonio Carlos Palandri Chagas^2,3

¹Department of Clinical Research, Federal University of Uberlandia, Brazil

²Heart Institute (InCor), HCFMUSP- University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil

³Faculty of Medicine ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil

*Corresponding Author:

Leonardo Roever
Department of Clinical Research, Av. Para 1720
- Bairro Umuarama Uberlandia - MG - CEP 38400-902, Brazil
Tel: 553488039878
E-mail: leonardoroever@ hotmail.com

Received Date: October 01, 2015 Accepted Date: May 02, 2016 Published Date: May 08, 2016

Citation: Roever L, Resende ES, Chagas ACP (2016) Perivascular Adipose Tissue can be Considered a Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis?. Atheroscler open access 1:e104. doi: 10.4172/asoa.1000e104

Copyright: © 2016 Roever L et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Introduction

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is an ectopic deposition of adipose tissue surrounding the vasculature and your influence on the vasculature changes with increasing adiposity. PVAT involves coronary arteries, aorta, mesenteric, and small arteries in the body, and its likely function differs in each of these anatomical regions [1-4].

PVAT secretes a wide variety of adipocytokines and other substances, including hormones, cytokines, chemokines, oxygen radicals, angiotensinogen, leptin, resistin and fatty acids [5]. The rate of secretion of various adipocytokines varies in different places in the vascular tree, adipocytokines as TNF-α, IL-6 and others. Adiponectin can affect insulin sensitivity, inflammatory responses, hemostasis, appetite and atherosclerosis [6-10]. The factors secreted by PVAT that act in the regulation of vascular function are presented in Table 1.

PVAT is related to the vascular contractility, endothelial dysfunction, neointima formation, arterial stiffness, aneurysm formation, and produce substances that can interfere in the process of atherosclerosis and contribute to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases [11-16].

An understanding of the pathophysiology of PVAT and its potential role in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality can be significant in preventing and treating of atherosclerosis.

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