A Qualitative of Study on Treatment Approaches and Culturally Sensitive Mental Health Care for African Immigrants in the U.S
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Abstract
Although the population of African immigrants in the U.S. continues to increase there is limited research on effective mental health treatment for this group. The purpose of this study was to understand the strategies that African immigrants utilize when dealing with emotional and psychological distress and in maintaining their overall wellbeing. The study also sought to obtain information on important aspects mental health professionals should consider in providing culturally sensitive treatment to African immigrants. Results from in-depth interviews with 13 participants from the states of Washington and Georgia demonstrated four factors that are beneficial to this group include: 1) sense of community, 2) spirituality, faith, and religion, 3) meaningful recreation, and 4) cognitive strategies. When working therapeutically, participants emphasized the importance of cultural relevance, collaboration, clarifying expectations, hospitality, and incorporating their values and interests. Other essential factors for mental health professionals to consider are their roles within their families in the U.S. and abroad, and their need for assistance navigating life in the U.S. particularly when they initially arrive. Study findings also demonstrated that African immigrants??? perceptions of mental health and distress are highly influenced by cultural beliefs from their native countries. African immigrants in the current study had diverse ways of dealing with mental and emotional distress, which portrayed high resiliency. Recommendations are given to assist mental health professionals to better serve African immigrant populations.
Immigrants often present with a favorable health status on arrival but over time develop the same or even worse health status than Canadian-born populations. Refugees on the other hand often arrive in poorer general health status than their immigrant counterparts and often present with ill physical and mental health status .Contributing to their likelihood for poor health is a difficult migration journey that may include migration from countries experiencing violent conflicts, forced migration at short notice, and living in refugee camps, along with unfavorable social determinants of health.
