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Abstract

This article provides a thorough review of the existing evidence regarding the intricate relationship between lifestyle factors and cancer risk. Focusing on alcoholic beverages, obesity, physical activity, and nutritional choices, the review explores the mechanisms through which these elements influence cancer susceptibility. Alcohol consumption is identified as a Group 1 carcinogen, with specific links to breast, liver, oesophageal, colorectal, and oropharyngeal cancers. Obesity, characterized by hormonal changes, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance, emerges as a well-established risk factor for various cancers, including breast, colorectal, endometrial, and kidney cancer [1]. Regular physical activity is associated with a lower risk of cancer, with exercise influencing hormonal regulation, immune function, and inflammatory responses. Additionally, the article delves into the impact of nutritional factors, emphasizing the protective role of diets rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins, while highlighting the potential risks associated with diets high in processed foods, red meats, and added sugars. The comprehensive analysis underscores the importance of adopting a healthy lifestyle, encompassing moderation in alcohol consumption, maintenance of a healthy body weight, regular physical activity, and a balanced diet, as pivotal strategies for reducing the overall risk of cancer [2]. The findings advocate for public health initiatives aimed at promoting awareness and encouraging individuals to make informed lifestyle choices conducive to cancer prevention and improved overall well-being.