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Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) poses a significant challenge in clinical diagnosis due to its complex etiology and progressive nature. Over the years, researchers have made remarkable strides in understanding the underlying mechanisms and developing reliable diagnostic tools. Among these tools, biomarker-based assays have emerged as promising candidates for early and accurate diagnosis. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the biomarker kits available for diagnosing AD and explores the various diagnostic approaches employed by clinicians. From analyzing family history to conducting advanced brain imaging studies, the diagnostic journey for AD involves a multifaceted approach. We delve into the significance of each diagnostic modality, including laboratory tests, neurological exams, mental status evaluations, neuropsychological assessments, and brain imaging techniques. Moreover, we discuss the evolving landscape of AD diagnostics, highlighting the ongoing research efforts aimed at refining existing methods and discovering novel biomarkers. By synthesizing the latest findings and clinical practices, this review offers insights into the current state and future directions of AD diagnosis.