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Abstract

Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) represents a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder distinguished by localized muscle pain and the presence of trigger points, which are hyperirritable nodules within taut bands of skeletal muscle. This article provides a comprehensive review of MPS, focusing on its epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and treatment modalities. MPS commonly manifests as regional pain that can be accompanied by referred pain patterns, impacting daily activities and quality of life. Diagnosis involves a thorough clinical assessment, including physical examination to identify trigger points and exclude other potential causes of musculoskeletal pain. Treatment strategies encompass a multidisciplinary approach, ranging from conservative measures such as physical therapy and stretching exercises to invasive interventions like trigger point injections and dry needling. Despite advances in understanding and managing MPS, challenges persist in achieving consistent symptom relief and preventing recurrence. Future research efforts are crucial to refining diagnostic techniques, elucidating underlying mechanisms, and optimizing therapeutic outcomes for individuals affected by this debilitating condition.