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Abstract

Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy often diagnosed at advanced stages due to its subtle symptoms and lack of early detection methods. Blood tests and biomarkers have become essential tools in the diagnostic process, offering valuable insights into the presence and progression of pancreatic cancer. This article reviews the role of key biomarkers such as CA19-9, CEA, and MUC16 in pancreatic cancer diagnosis. While CA19- 9 is the most commonly used marker, its limitations in sensitivity and specificity underscore the need for improved diagnostic approaches. The current use of these biomarkers primarily involves monitoring disease progression and guiding treatment decisions. Ongoing research aims to discover novel biomarkers and enhance diagnostic accuracy through combinations and integration with other diagnostic modalities. Future advancements in this field hold the potential to improve early detection and patient outcomes.