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Abstract

Global vaccination efforts have significantly reduced the burden of preventable diseases in children, but substantial gaps in vaccination coverage still exist, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. These gaps contribute to outbreaks of diseases that are otherwise preventable through immunization. This paper focuses on identifying and addressing the key challenges hindering global pediatric vaccination coverage, including vaccine accessibility, inequities in healthcare infrastructure, and vaccine hesitancy. The role of international organizations like GAVI and WHO in promoting vaccine distribution and improving immunization rates is explored, alongside the importance of innovative vaccine delivery technologies such as thermostable vaccines and needle-free delivery systems. Additionally, the paper highlights strategies for improving vaccine acceptance through targeted education and community engagement. Bridging these gaps is essential for ensuring that every child, regardless of location or socioeconomic status, has access to the life-saving protection that vaccines offer