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Chickenpox: Understanding The Viral Infection, Symptoms and Management

Hongyi Lin^*

Department of neuroscience, Columbia University, China

Received Date: Nov 01, 2024 / Published Date: Nov 29, 2024

Citation: Hongyi L (2024) Chickenpox: Understanding The Viral Infection, Symptoms and Management. J Neuroinfect Dis 15: 534.DOI: 10.4172/2314-7326.1000534

Copyright: © 2024 Hongyi L. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Chickenpox, or varicella, is a highly contagious viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Primarily affecting children, chickenpox manifests with a characteristic itchy rash, fever, and general malaise. The transmission occurs through respiratory droplets and direct contact with blister fluid, making it easily spreadable in communities with low vaccination rates. The disease typically presents with mild symptoms in children but can lead to serious complications in adults and immunocompromised individuals, including pneumonia, bacterial skin infections, and neurological issues.The introduction of the varicella vaccine has dramatically reduced the incidence of chickenpox and its complications. Vaccination is usually administered in two doses, with the first dose given at 12-15 months and a second at 4-6 years of age. This vaccine not only protects individuals but also contributes to herd immunity, significantly lowering the risk of outbreaks. Despite the vaccine’s success, challenges remain, particularly in areas with vaccine hesitancy, which can lead to increased cases.Management of chickenpox focuses on symptomatic relief, including the use of antihistamines for itching and acetaminophen for fever. Antiviral medications, such as acyclovir, may be prescribed for high-risk individuals to mitigate severe disease.