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Abstract

Cocaine addiction is a complex and multifaceted disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. This powerful stimulant drug can lead to devastating physical, psychological, and social consequences for individuals and their families. Understanding cocaine addiction, its effects, and pathways to recovery is crucial for effective intervention and support.Cocaine is derived from the leaves of the coca plant, primarily found in South America. It exists in two main forms: powder cocaine (cocaine hydrochloride) and crack cocaine (a solid, smokable form). Both types produce intense euphoria by increasing levels of dopamine in the brain, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward. Cocaine can be snorted, injected, or smoked, each method affecting the intensity and duration of its effects. Cocaine addiction typically begins with experimentation or recreational use. Users are often drawn to the drug's euphoric effects, increased energy, and heightened alertness. However, the initial high is short-lived, leading users to consume more of the drug to maintain these effects. This cycle of use can quickly escalate, resulting in dependency. As the brain adapts to the presence of cocaine, users may find it increasingly difficult to feel pleasure from everyday activities. Tolerance develops, prompting individuals to take higher doses to achieve the desired effects. This cycle creates a powerful compulsion to seek and use cocaine, leading to addiction.