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Abstract

The intricate interplay between climate change and human activities profoundly impacts flow regimes in hydrological systems, posing significant challenges for water resource management and ecosystem sustainability. Distinguishing the individual contributions of climate change and anthropogenic activities to flow regime alterations requires sophisticated hydrological modeling techniques with error correction mechanisms. This article explores the complexities of deciphering the influence of climate change and human activities on flow regimes through advanced hydrological modeling. By integrating hydrological processes within spatially distributed frameworks and employing error correction techniques, such as calibration and uncertainty analysis, these models enable researchers to analyze historical trends, project future scenarios, and attribute observed changes to specific drivers. Case studies worldwide demonstrate the applicability of these approaches in understanding the impacts of urbanization, deforestation, and other human activities on flow dynamics. By enhancing our understanding of these complex interactions, advanced hydrological modeling facilitates evidence-based decision-making for sustainable water resource management and climate adaptation strategies.