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Abstract

Dental oncology is an interdisciplinary field that focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of oral cancers and their implications for overall health. This area of study encompasses a wide range of cancers affecting the oral cavity, including squamous cell carcinoma, oral melanoma, and salivary gland tumors. The increasing incidence of oral cancer highlights the need for enhanced understanding and management strategies within dental oncology. Key aspects include the development of early detection techniques, such as advanced imaging and biomarkers, which are crucial for improving prognosis. The role of dental professionals extends beyond routine oral examinations to include the identification of precancerous lesions and the provision of multidisciplinary care. This field also involves the integration of surgical, radio therapeutic and chemotherapeutic interventions, tailored to individual patient needs. Furthermore, dental oncology emphasizes the importance of rehabilitative measures to manage the long-term consequences of cancer treatment, such as functional and aesthetic impairments. Research in this domain is advancing rapidly, with ongoing studies aiming to refine treatment protocols, improve patient outcomes, and enhance quality of life. As the field evolves, continued collaboration between dental professionals, oncologists, and researchers is essential for addressing the complex challenges of oral cancer. Dental oncology is a specialized field that bridges the gap between oral health and cancer care, recognizing the significant impact that cancer and its treatments have on the oral cavity. With advances in oncology, the need for oral healthcare professionals to work closely with oncologists has become increasingly evident. This collaboration ensures comprehensive care for cancer patients, addressing the oral manifestations of cancer and its treatments, such as chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy, which often result in mucositis, xerostomia, infections, and osteoradionecrosis. Additionally, pre-existing dental conditions can complicate cancer therapy, while poor oral health may exacerbate treatment side effects. As a result, dental oncology emphasizes not only the treatment of oral complications but also preventive care and rehabilitation.

This field focuses on maintaining oral health, preventing and managing complications, and improving the quality of life for patients before, during, and after cancer treatment. From addressing immediate concerns like mucositis to long-term complications like radiation-induced xerostomia and osteonecrosis, dental oncology plays a vital role in supporting patient outcomes. Moreover, advancements in diagnostics, such as the early detection of oral cancer, and the use of emerging therapies, like bisphosphonates, further highlight the role of dental oncology in modern healthcare. The evolving landscape of cancer care has propelled dental oncology into a more prominent role within multidisciplinary teams, underscoring its importance in providing holistic care that encompasses both systemic and oral health.