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Abstract

Breast reconstruction surgery following mastectomy is a critical component of comprehensive breast cancer care. Effective pain management during the postoperative period is paramount for patient comfort and recovery. This study investigates the impact of dexmedetomidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist known for its analgesic properties, on narcotic utilization in breast reconstruction procedures. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted involving patients undergoing breast reconstruction surgery. The intervention group received dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to standard anesthesia, while the control group received a placebo. Perioperative pain scores, narcotic consumption, and postoperative complications were assessed. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in narcotic requirements in the dexmedetomidine group compared to the placebo group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, patients receiving dexmedetomidine reported lower pain scores in the immediate postoperative period. No significant increase in adverse events was observed in the intervention group. This study highlights the potential of dexmedetomidine as an effective adjunct for pain management in breast reconstruction surgery, offering a promising avenue for minimizing narcotic utilization and improving patient outcomes. Further research with larger cohorts and long-term follow-up is warranted to validate these findings and refine clinical protocols in breast reconstruction procedures.