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Abstract

The emergence of new pathogens in respiratory infections poses significant challenges to public health systems worldwide. Recent years have seen the rise of novel viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, and the resurgence of previously managed pathogens due to factors like climate change and increased global travel. These emerging threats complicate diagnosis and treatment, leading to severe outbreaks and heightened morbidity and mortality. However, advancements in molecular diagnostics, genomics, and bioinformatics are improving our ability to rapidly identify and monitor these pathogens. The development of targeted therapies and vaccines represents a critical step forward in managing these infections. Despite these advances, challenges persist, including the need for enhanced surveillance, swift response strategies, and effective international collaboration. Addressing these issues is essential for controlling emerging respiratory pathogens and mitigating their impact on public health.