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Abstract

Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Surgical intervention, a cornerstone in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), has evolved significantly over the past few decades. This review aims to evaluate the current outcomes of lung cancer surgery, highlight recent advancements in surgical techniques, and discuss the integration of multimodal therapies. Data from numerous clinical trials and retrospective studies were analyzed to assess survival rates, recurrence, and postoperative complications. Minimally invasive surgical approaches, such as video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS), have demonstrated promising results in improving patient outcomes and reducing morbidity. Furthermore, the role of neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies in conjunction with surgery is examined to provide a holistic view of contemporary treatment paradigms. The review concludes with a discussion on future directions in lung cancer surgery, emphasizing the need for personalized treatment strategies and the potential of emerging technologies
to further enhance surgical efficacy and patient quality of life.