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Abstract

Anther culture, a form of micropropagation, offers a promising method for generating haploid plants, which are crucial for accelerating breeding programs and enhancing genetic studies in agriculture. This paper reviews the techniques and advancements in anther culture, emphasizing its potential in producing homozygous lines rapidly and efficiently. We discuss the critical factors influencing successful anther culture, including the choice of donor plants, culture media composition, and environmental conditions. Recent developments in protocols and technologies, such as the use of growth regulators and optimized culture environments, have significantly improved the efficiency of haploid induction. Case studies highlight successful applications of anther culture in key crops, demonstrating its impact on trait improvement and disease resistance. By harnessing the potential of anther culture, researchers can facilitate the development of superior crop varieties, thereby addressing global food security challenges. This review underscores the importance of integrating anther culture techniques into modern agricultural biotechnology for sustainable and efficient crop production.