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Abstract

The patient will have to endure prolonged periods of high costs as well as discomfort as a result of orthodontic treatment, which is based on intricate strategies and can take years to achieve the desired therapeutic outcome. The key to successful orthodontic treatment is selecting the best settings for force intensities during the initial phase of tooth movement. It is common knowledge that the periodontal ligament transmits tensile and compressive forces to the alveolar bone, facilitating orthodontic tooth movement. The entity of molecular key players activated by tensile forces remains elusive, despite the fact that transcriptomic analysis of compressed periodontal ligament cells revealed the complex molecular network already. As a result, the purpose of this research was to examine how the initial phase of orthodontic tooth movement was simulated by applying mechanical tensile forces to the gene 543 upregulated and 793 downregulated differentially expressed genes were identified through transcriptomic analysis of tension-treated and untreated periodontal ligament stromal cells, respectively. These genes include stanniocalcin, apelin, fibroblast growth factor receptor, noggin, sulfatase, secreted frizzled-related protein, and apelin. Additionally, a significant effect size was observed in the gene expression profiles of distinct cell donors. The underlying mechanisms, which will be necessary for the creation of individualized orthodontic treatment plans, could be better understood with a deeper comprehension of the roles that the identified candidates played in the initial phase of orthodontic tooth movement.