Research Article
Identification of Serum Anti-GADD34 Antibody as a Common Marker of Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson Disease
Kazuo S1,2,†, Tomiyoshi G2,3,†, Masahiro M1, Satoshi K1, Shigeki H1, Setsu S1, Minako B1,4, Mayumi M1, Akiyuki U1, Kenichiro K5, Minoru T6, Akiko H6, Masashi Y6, Kazuki K6, Harukiyo K6, Ryoichi I6, Koutaro Y6, Seiichiro M7,8,9, Toshio M9, Eiichi K7, Yoichi Y7, Tomoo M7, Yasuo I7, Yoshio K10, Rika N2,3, Natsuko S2,3, Hideyuki K3, Hao W2,11, Xiao-Meng Z2 and Takaki H2*1Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
2Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
3Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama 340-0203, Japan
4Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
5Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Yamanashi School of Medicine, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
6Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
7Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
8Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba Prefectural Sawara Hospital, Chiba 287-0003, Japan
9Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Chiba 290-0512, Japan
10Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
11Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, P. R. China
- *Corresponding Author:
- Takaki H
Department of Biochemistry and Genetics
Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
Tel: 81432262541
E-mail: hiwasa_takaki@faculty.chiba-u.jp
Received date: July 14, 2017; Accepted date: July 27, 2017; Published date: August 03, 2017
Citation: Kazuo S, Tomiyoshi G, Masahiro M, Satoshi K, Shigeki H, et al. (2017) Identification of Serum Anti-GADD34 Antibody as a Common Marker of Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson Disease. J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism 7:358. doi:10.4172/2161-0460.1000358
Copyright: © 2017 Kazuo S, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Abstract
Background: Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible gene 34 (GADD34) has been identified as an antigen by serological identification of antigens by cDNA expression cloning (SEREX) using the sera of patients with atherosclerosis. It is possible that GADD34 is associated with atherosclerosis-related diseases such as diabetes mellitus (DM), acute-phase cerebral infarction (aCI), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) as well as endoplasmic reticulum stress-related Parkinson disease (PD). Methods: GADD34 protein was bacterially expressed and purified. Amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay (AlphaLISA) was used to evaluate serum antibody levels against GADD34 protein in serum samples. Results: AlphaLISA revealed significantly higher serum antibody levels against GADD34 protein in patients with DM, aCI and CVD than those in healthy donors (HDs). The difference in levels between DM and HD was more prominent than that between aCI or CVD and HDs. The anti-GADD34 antibody levels were also elevated in the sera of diabetic CKD patients; thus, the anti-GADD34 antibodies appeared to be the most associated with DM, which is also a risk factor of PD. Anti-GADD34 antibody levels were also higher in patients with PD but not in those with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis as compared with those in HDs. Conclusion: Anti-GADD34 antibody may be a useful diagnostic tool for DM and PD. GADD34 may account for the pathophysiological relationship between DM and PD.
