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Abstract

The gut microbiota consists of trillions of bacteria, viruses, and fungi that form a perfect symbiosis with their host. They perform immunological, metabolic, and endocrine functions in the body. Microflora is formed in the uterus.Dysbiosis is a microbiome disorder characterized by an imbalance in the composition of the microbiota and alterations in its function and metabolic activity. Causes of intestinal dysbiosis include maternal nutritional deficiencies, hormonal therapy, medication, especially antibiotic use, and lack of contact with the maternal vaginal flora during spontaneous childbirth. Alterations in the gut microbiota are increasingly found in a variety of diseases and persist from early neonatal to adulthood. In recent years, it has become increasingly clear that components of the gut microbiota are important for proper development of the immune system, and that their disruption leads to disease.