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Abstract

End-stage renal disease can best be treated with kidney transplantation. The main drawback of this strategy right now is the disparity between the number of people on a transplant list and the number of organs available. Kidneys from older patients have been used to expand the pool of organs that can be transplanted. However, graft small renal tumors are more likely to occur when these organs are combined with prolonged immunosuppressive treatment. The purpose of this narrative review is to present the most recent findings regarding the clinical impact and treatment of small renal tumors that have been discovered by accident in either recipients or donors. The most recent evidence suggests that high-risk hemodialysis patients may benefit from using grafts with a small renal mass following bench table tumor excision. On the other hand, a conservative treatment to preserve renal function should be possible if a small renal mass is discovered early during periodic ultrasound examination of the graft. Finally, a radical nephrectomy is typically recommended for native kidney renal tumors.