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Abstract

Chronic Post-Thoracotomy Pain Syndrome (CPTPS) is a debilitating condition that affects a significant proportion of patients following thoracic surgery, such as lung cancer resection, cardiac surgery, or esophagectomy. This condition is characterized by persistent pain, which may be neuropathic or nociceptive in origin, and can severely impair quality of life. The management of CPTPS remains challenging due to its multifactorial etiology and the complexity of treatment options. This article provides a comprehensive review of the pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnostic approaches, and current treatment strategies for CPTPS. We also highlight emerging therapies and the role of interdisciplinary management in improving patient outcomes.