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Abstract

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are characterized by the accumulation and aggregation of misfiled proteins. This review delves into the mechanisms underlying the propagation of protein aggregates within the nervous system and their implications for disease progression. We explore the roles of cellular processes such as protein misfiling, impaired degradation pathways, and intercellular transmission of aggregates. Additionally, the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to protein aggregation is examined. By understanding these mechanisms, we aim to elucidate the complex interplay between protein aggregation and neurodegeneration. The review also highlights potential therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways to mitigate the spread of protein aggregates, offering new avenues for intervention in these debilitating disorders. Our synthesis of current research underscores the need for continued investigation into the molecular underpinnings of protein aggregation to develop effective treatments and improve patient outcomes.