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Abstract

Nanocatalysts are an emerging class of catalysts that offer enhanced reactivity, selectivity, and efficiency in chemical processes. These catalysts, composed of nanoparticles or nanostructures, provide a significantly increased surface area compared to traditional catalysts, allowing for more active sites and facilitating faster reaction rates. The unique properties of nanocatalysts, such as high surface energy, tunable size, and the ability to catalyze reactions under milder conditions, make them ideal candidates for a range of industrial applications. In the context of sustainability, nanocatalysts are critical for driving green chemistry, offering more energy-efficient processes, reducing waste, and enabling the use of renewable feedstocks. This review discusses the role of nanocatalysts in advancing sustainable chemical processes, exploring their applications in energy conversion, pollution control, and resource-efficient synthesis. Additionally, it addresses challenges such as the stability, reusability, and environmental impact of nanocatalysts, highlighting the potential for further innovation in this field to support sustainable development.