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Abstract

Neonatal infections continue to pose a significant threat to the health and well-being of newborns worldwide. This abstract provides a concise overview of the challenges and recent advances in the diagnosis and management of neonatal infections. Neonatal infections, caused by various pathogens including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal population. Early diagnosis is paramount, yet it remains challenging due to nonspecific clinical presentations and the need for rapid intervention.

Recent advances in diagnostic techniques, such as molecular assays, nucleic acid amplification tests, and advanced imaging modalities, have significantly improved the accuracy and speed of diagnosis. These innovations enable healthcare providers to tailor treatment regimens more precisely, thereby enhancing outcomes. Management of neonatal infections involves a multifaceted approach, including empiric antibiotic therapy and supportive care. However, the emergence of antibiotic resistance calls for judicious antibiotic use and the exploration of alternative therapies, such as probiotics and immunomodulators, to prevent and treat infections. Furthermore, optimizing infection prevention strategies, including strict hand hygiene, aseptic techniques, and maternal immunization, remains pivotal in reducing the burden of neonatal infections.