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Abstract

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of Taenia solium, the pork tapeworm, and is a major cause of neurological morbidity in many developing countries. This infection occurs when humans ingest the eggs of T. solium, often through contaminated food or water, leading to the development of cysts in the central nervous system (CNS). NCC is particularly prevalent in regions with poor sanitation and close contact between humans and pigs, affecting millions globally.The clinical presentation of NCC varies widely, with seizures being the most common symptom, alongside headaches, cognitive impairment, and focal neurological deficits. Diagnosis is primarily based on neuroimaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), along with serological tests for antibodies against the parasite.Treatment strategies include antiparasitic medications like albendazole or praziquantel, which are often used in conjunction with corticosteroids to manage inflammatory responses following cyst death. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to address complications such as hydrocephalus. Preventive measures focus on improving sanitation, promoting hygiene practices, and educating communities about the risks associated with T. solium infection. Ongoing research aims to develop effective vaccines and enhance diagnostic techniques.Overall, neurocysticercosis represents a significant public health challenge that requires a comprehensive approach involving prevention, timely diagnosis, and effective treatment to reduce its burden and improve the quality of life for affected individuals.