Oral Bioavailability enhancement of Ganciclovir by Chitosan Nanoparticles: Pharmacokinetics Studies
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Abstract
Ganciclovir (GCV), an acyclovir analogue, proved to have excellent antiviral activity against human Cytomegalovirus (CMV), a leading cause of congenital infections worldwide. Ganciclovir (GCV), given intravenously (i.v.) at 5 mg/kg of body weight once daily, or orally as capsules at 1,000 mg three times a day (TID), is the standard drug regimen for both the treatment and prevention of CMV disease. However, i.v. GCV is an inconvenient drug regimen for long-term use, requiring i.v. catheters and might leads to sepsis. Although GCV capsules are more convenient, the low relative bioavailability (6%) limits the concentrations in serum. In recent years, one promising delivery system with improved oral bioavailability, chitosan nanoparticles (CNs) have attracted considerable attention1,2. Hence, in present investigation various oral formulation containing GCV along with chitosan nanoparticles containing GCV have been developed and their in vivo studies using Wistar rats have been performed.
