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Abstract

Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem. In the context of vaccines, pharmacovigilance plays a vital role in ensuring their safety and efficacy. The global immunization programs rely heavily on vaccines for the prevention of infectious diseases, and while vaccines are generally safe, monitoring their safety post-approval is essential. This article explores the importance of pharmacovigilance in vaccine safety monitoring, the systems and processes involved in detecting and assessing vaccine-related adverse events, the regulatory frameworks that ensure safe immunization practices, and the challenges in pharmacovigilance efforts, particularly in relation to emerging diseases and new vaccines.