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Abstract

Plant ecology plays a crucial role in understanding how vegetation responds to climate change, as plants are highly sensitive indicators of environmental shifts. This study examines the impacts of climate change on plant communities, focusing on changes in species distribution, phenology, and community composition. As global temperatures rise and precipitation patterns become more erratic, plant species are adapting through shifts in their geographic ranges, flowering times, and growth cycles. These changes have significant implications for ecosystem functioning, biodiversity, and the provision of essential ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration and water regulation. By synthesizing data from field studies, climate models, and long-term ecological monitoring, this research highlights key patterns of vegetation response to climate stressors. In particular, it addresses the role of functional traits (e.g., drought tolerance, thermal tolerance) in shaping plant community resilience. The findings underscore the importance of understanding plant-climate interactions to predict future ecosystem dynamics and inform conservation strategies. As plant communities are integral to ecosystem stability, their responses to climate change will have far-reaching effects on biodiversity and the services ecosystems provide. This study contributes to a growing body of knowledge on plant ecology, offering insights into the mechanisms underlying plant adaptation and resilience in a rapidly changing world.