Research Article
PREVALANCE AND INCIDENCE OF MOST COMMON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN ART PATIENTS
Abstract
Introduction: HIV is a retrovirus that primarily infects components of the human immune system such as CD4+ T cells, macrophages and de ndritic cells. It is estimated that India had approximately 1.2 lakh new HIV infections in 2013, as against 2.7 lakh in 2012. Common infections associated with HIV/AIDS are candidiasis, invasive cervical cancer, coccidioidomycosas, cryptococcosis, cryptosporidiosis, chronic intestinal cytomegalovirus diseases, encephalopathy, HIV –related herpes simplex, histoplasmosis, isosporiasis, chronic intestinal, kaposis sarcoma, lymphoma, mycobacterium avium complex, tuberculosis, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, salmonella septicaemia, toxoplasmoic of brain, wasting syndrome due to HIV. Most commonly TB and Candidiasis are majorly seen in HIV patients. Globally 30% of HIV infected persons are estimated to have concomitant infection with “Mycobacterium Tuberculosis”. Oropharyngeal candidiasis occurs when CD4 count is 200-500 cell/mm3, with fall in CD4 count to <200 cells/mm3, oesophageal candidiasis occurs in HIV infected patients. Aim of the study: The aim of the study is to estimate the incidence and prevalence of common communicable diseases (Tuberculosis, Candidiasis) in ART patients. Methodology: The present were carried out in the Department of Skin & Venereology (ART center) in a tertiary care teaching hospital, RIMS, Kadapa for 6 – months. Patient was enrolled based on inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria Results: Out of 206, 132 (64.07%) were had Communicable diseases which includes 110 (53.39%) TB and 22 (10.67%) Candidiasis. Conclusion: Patients with HIV there is increased risk of opportunistic infections (communicable diseases like TB, Oral thrush, STD’s etc.,) due to decreased immunity (CD4+ T cell count) in them. Finally in this study we concluded that the low rate of incidence was seen after counselled the patients.
