黑料网

Abstract

Meteorites and asteroids have played a pivotal role in shaping Earth’s geological history, influencing both its surface and biological evolution. This review explores the multifaceted impacts of these celestial bodies, including their contribution to the formation of the planet, their role in delivering essential materials, and the significant geological events they triggered. Key events such as the Late Heavy Bombardment and the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event exemplify the profound effects of large-scale impacts on Earth's climate and biodiversity. The analysis highlights how the energy released during these impacts has led to significant geological transformations, including the formation of craters, tsunamis, and volcanic activity. Furthermore, the review discusses the ongoing threat posed by near-Earth objects and the importance of planetary defense strategies in mitigating potential future impacts. Understanding the historical implications of meteorite and asteroid impacts not only sheds light on Earth’s past but also informs current efforts to protect the planet from extraterrestrial hazards.