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Abstract

Radiation therapy, a pivotal component in the multifaceted landscape of cancer treatment, harnesses the potent force of ionizing energy to combat malignancies. This article explores the nuanced facets of radiation therapy, encompassing its diverse modalities, mechanisms of action, and applications in the continuum of cancer care. Delving into the dichotomy of external beam radiation and brachytherapy, we scrutinize the precision and adaptability that define contemporary radiation interventions. From curative strategies to adjuvant protocols and palliative relief, radiation therapy assumes a dynamic role in conjunction with surgery and chemotherapy. The article elucidates the intricate mechanisms underpinning radiation therapy's efficacy, emphasizing its ability to selectively damage cancer cell DNA while sparing healthy tissues. Notable advancements, such as Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT), Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT), and Proton Therapy, herald a new era of heightened precision and reduced side effects. As we unravel the healing potential of ionizing energy, the article underscores radiation therapy's pivotal contribution to improving patient outcomes and shaping the trajectory of cancer treatment.