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Abstract

Endometrial cancer, a malignancy originating in the inner lining of the uterus, poses a significant health burden worldwide. This paper comprehensively examines the multifaceted aspects of endometrial cancer, encompassing its etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic modalities, therapeutic interventions, and preventative strategies. The etiology of endometrial cancer involves a complex interplay of genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. Risk factors such as obesity, unopposed estrogen exposure, nulliparity, and hereditary predispositions significantly contribute to its development. Symptoms of endometrial cancer commonly include abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, and changes in urinary or bowel habits, although presentation may vary widely among individuals. Accurate diagnosis of endometrial cancer relies on a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and histopathological examination of endometrial tissue samples obtained through procedures such as endometrial biopsy and dilation and curettage. Treatment approaches for endometrial cancer are tailored to disease stage, histological subtype, and patient factors, with options ranging from surgery and adjuvant therapies to targeted molecular agents and immunotherapy. Additionally, advancements in minimally invasive surgical techniques and precision medicine have revolutionized the management of endometrial cancer, offering improved outcomes and quality of life for patients.

Prevention strategies for endometrial cancer encompass lifestyle modifications, hormonal therapies, and riskreducing surgeries aimed at mitigating known risk factors and optimizing overall health. Furthermore, ongoing research into the molecular underpinnings of endometrial cancer holds promise for the development of novel therapeutic targets and personalized treatment approaches. A comprehensive understanding of the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment modalities, and preventive measures is essential for effectively combating endometrial cancer and improving patient outcomes. This paper serves to elucidate the current state of knowledge surrounding endometrial cancer and highlights avenues for future research and clinical practice.