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Abstract

Lipoproteins, complex molecular assemblies of lipids and proteins, are essential components of the circulatory system, serving as vehicles for the transport of lipids, including cholesterol and triglycerides, throughout the body. This article provides an overview of lipoproteins, their various types, functions, and their critical role in cardiovascular health. Understanding the significance of lipoproteins is crucial as imbalances in their levels are intimately linked to the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. We explore the roles of chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in lipid transport and their impact on cardiovascular health. Dyslipidemia, characterized by abnormal lipoprotein levels, is a common risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and lifestyle modifications, as well as medication, are essential tools for managing these levels. We also discuss the latest research in the field and the potential future directions in lipoprotein-related therapies. By comprehending the roles and regulation of lipoproteins, individuals can take proactive steps to safeguard their cardiovascular health and reduce the risk of heart disease.