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Abstract

Ex vivo tumor analysis (EVTA) has emerged as a promising technique for enhancing real-time decision-making during cancer surgeries. By analyzing tumor tissue removed during surgery, clinicians can obtain critical information about tumor characteristics, such as genetic mutations, molecular profiles, and drug sensitivity, which can guide intraoperative decisions. The integration of EVTA into the surgical workflow allows for more personalized approaches, helping surgeons determine the extent of resection, identify critical margins, and make informed decisions regarding adjuvant therapy during the operation. This article explores the principles, methodologies, and clinical applications of ex vivo tumor analysis, emphasizing its role in improving surgical outcomes and reducing the risk of recurrence. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and future directions for incorporating EVTA into routine clinical practice.

Keywords: Ex vivo tumor analysis; Real-time surgical decisions; Molecular profiling; Drug sensitivity testing; Personalized cancer treatment