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Abstract

Uterine cancer, primarily encompassing endometrial carcinoma and uterine sarcoma, represents a significant health concern for women worldwide. This comprehensive overview delves into the current methodologies and advancements in the diagnosis of uterine cancer, highlighting the importance of early detection in improving patient outcomes. The abstract covers various diagnostic modalities, including imaging techniques such as transvaginal ultrasound, hysteroscopy, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as the role of endometrial biopsy and curettage in confirming the diagnosis. The review also discusses emerging biomarkers and genetic testing, which offer potential for personalized medicine approaches. The integration of these diagnostic tools with clinical decisionmaking processes is essential for accurate staging and treatment planning. By evaluating recent advancements and comparing diagnostic accuracy, the overview aims to provide a thorough understanding of the diagnostic landscape of uterine cancer, addressing challenges and future directions in the field. Uterine cancer, encompassing endometrial cancer and uterine sarcomas, represents a significant concern in gynaecologic oncology due to its rising incidence and diverse clinical presentations. This comprehensive overview delves into the multifaceted aspects of uterine cancer diagnosis, providing an in-depth analysis of current methodologies, advancements, and challenges. The diagnostic approach begins with a thorough patient history and physical examination, followed by imaging techniques such as transvaginal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Endometrial biopsy, including dilation and curettage (D&C), remains a cornerstone for definitive diagnosis, while emerging technologies such as liquid biopsy and molecular profiling are poised to enhance early detection and personalized treatment strategies. Additionally, the overview addresses the importance of understanding histopathological classifications, staging systems, and the role of multidisciplinary teams in optimizing diagnostic accuracy. By integrating these elements, this review aims to offer a holistic perspective on uterine cancer diagnosis, facilitating improved patient outcomes through early detection and tailored therapeutic interventions.