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Abstract

Zoonotic diseases, those transmitted between animals and humans, represent a significant public health concern globally. This article explores the complexities of zoonotic disease transmission, emphasizing the interconnectedness of animal and human health. It discusses key zoonotic pathogens, transmission pathways, and factors influencing emergence and spread. The One Health approach, integrating veterinary, human medical and environmental disciplines, is highlighted as essential for effective prevention, surveillance, and control of zoonotic diseases. Case studies illustrate the diverse nature and impacts of zoonoses, underscoring the urgent need for collaborative research and intervention strategies. This review contributes to understanding the dynamic relationship between animals and humans in the context of disease transmission and highlights opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration to mitigate zoonotic disease threats.