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Journal of Biological and Medical Sciences consists the study of living organisms, concerned with the characteristics, classification, and behaviours of organisms, how species come into existence, and the interactions they have with each other and with the environment. This journal focuses on the role of individual variability in the evolutionary maintenance of diversity. This journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published approximately 7 days after acceptance on quarterly basis. As a member of Publisher International Linking Association, PILA, OMICS International’s Organismal Biology Journal follows the Creative Commons Attribution License and Scholars 黑料网 publishing policies. Journal of Biological and Medical Sciences is the Council Contributor Member for Council of Science Editors (CSE) and follows the CSE’s slogan ‘Education, Ethics, and Evidence for Editors.

Submit manuscript at  or send as e-mail attachment to the Editorial Office at organismalbiology@omicsonline.org or biolmedsciences@journalres.org  [A manuscript number will be e-mailed to the corresponding author within 72 hours).

OMICS International Policy Regarding the NIH Mandate

OMICS International will support authors by posting the published version of articles by NIH grant-holders and European or UK-based biomedical or life sciences grant holders to PubMed Central immediately after publication

Editorial Policies and Process

Journal of Biological and Medical Sciences follows a progressive editorial policy that encourages researchers to submit the original research, reviews and editorial observations as  articles, well supported by tables and graphic representation.

Article Processing Charges

OMICS International, Journal of Biological and Medical Sciences is self-financed and does not receive funding from any institution/government. Hence, the Journal operates solely through processing charges we receive from the authors and some academic/corporate sponsors. The handling fee is required to meet its maintenance. Being an 黑料网 Journal,  it does not collect subscription charges from readers that enjoy free online access to the articles. Authors are hence required to pay a fair handling fee for processing their articles. However, there are no submission charges. Authors are required to make payment only after their manuscript has been accepted for publication.

Submission of an Article

In order to reduce delays, authors should adhere to the level, length and format of the OMICS International Journals at every stage of processing right from manuscript submission to each revision stage. Submitted articles should have a 300 words summary/abstract, separate from the main text. The summary should provide a brief account of the work by clearly stating the purpose of the study and the methodology adopted, highlighting major findings briefly. The text may contain a few short subheadings of no more than 40 characters each. 

Language Translation Services

With an intention to take scientific & health care information globally, OMICS International has introduced language translation services. This service enables the author to reach the global audience in many major world languages at a time as our language experts in Spanish, French and German can translate the article from English into different world languages as per the author’s requirement. This service grants a global presence to the author and his/her scholarship.

As OMICS International is an open access publisher, we do not seek or get financial assistance from any organization. Authors who wish to avail our translation services and who are interested to publish their paper in other languages, are requested to pay the following additional charges along with the article processing charges.

Word CountEstimated Price in USD

Upto 1500 wordsUSD 1501500 - 3000 wordsUSD 2253000 - 6000 wordsUSD 3506000 - 10000 wordsUSD 499Above 10,000 wordsPrice will be fixed upon discussionManuscripts accepted for publication will be published both in English and other languages as recommended by the author.

Formats for OMICS International Contributions
OMICS International accepts various formats of literary works such as research articles, reviews, abstracts, addendums, announcements, article-commentaries, book reviews, rapid communications, letters to the editor, annual meeting abstracts, conference proceedings, calendars, case-reports, corrections, discussions, meeting-reports, news, obituaries, orations, product reviews, hypotheses and analyses.

Article Preparation Guidelines

• Authors are expected to attach an electronic covering letter completely mentioning the type of manuscript (e.g, Research article, Review articles, Brief Reports, Case study etc.) Unless invited on a special case, authors cannot classify a particular manuscript as Editorials or Letters to the editor or concise communications.
• Confirm that each individual named as an author meets the uniform requirements of the Organismal Biology Journal criteria for authorship.
• Please make sure that the article submitted for review/publication is not under consideration elsewhere simultaneously.
• Clearly mention financial support or benefits if any from commercial sources for the work reported in the manuscript, or any other financial interests that any of the authors may have, which could create a potential conflict of interest or the appearance of a conflict of interest with regard to the work.
• A clear title of the article along with complete details of the author/s (professional/institutional affiliation, educational qualifications and contact information) must be provided in the tile page.
• Corresponding author should include address, telephone number, fax number, and e-mail address in the first page of the manuscript and authors must address any conflict of interest with others once the article is published.
• Number all sheets in succession, including references, tables, and figure legends.
• Title page is page 1. On the first page, type the running head (short title for top of each page), title (which cannot include any acronyms), names of the authors and their academic degrees, grants or other financial supporters of the study, address for correspondence and reprint requests, and corresponding author's telephone and fax numbers and e-mail address.

Guidelines for Research Articles

• Research articles are articles written based on the empirical/secondary data collected using a clearly defined research methodology, where conclusion/s is drawn from the analysis of the data collected.
• The information must be based on original research that adds to the body of knowledge in Organismal Biology.
• Article/s should provide a critical description or analysis of the data presented while adding new and rapidly evolving areas in the field.
• Include an abstract of at least 300 words with 7 to 10 important keywords.
• The abstract should be divided into Objective, Methods, Results, and Conclusion.
• Research articles must adhere to a format constituting the introduction followed by a brief review of relevant literature, methodology applied (to collect the data), discussion and References, Tables, and Figure Legends.

Review Articles

• Review articles are written based mostly on secondary data that is falling in line with the theme of the journal. They are brief, yet critical discussions on a specific aspect of the subject concerned. Reviews generally start with the statement of the problem with a brief abstract of 300 words and few key words. Introduction generally brings the issue forward to the readers followed by analytical discussion with the help of necessary tables, graphs, pictures and illustrations wherever necessary. It summarizes the topic with a conclusion. All the statements or observations in the review articles must be based on necessary citations, providing complete reference at the end of the article.

Commentaries

• Commentaries are opinion articles written mostly by the veteran and experienced writers on a specific development, recent innovation or research findings that fall in line with the theme of the journal. They are very brief articles with the title and abstract that provides the gist of the topic to be discussed, with few key words. It straight away states the problems and provides a thorough analysis with the help of the illustrations, graphs and tables if necessary. It summarizes the topic with a brief conclusion, citing the references at the end.

Case Study

• Case studies are accepted with a view to add additional information related to the investigative research that advances in the field of biology and related topics
• It should add value to the main content/article submitted, by providing key insights about the core area. Cases reports must be brief and follow a clear format such as Cases and Methods Section (That describe the nature of the clinical issue and the methodology adopt to address it), discussion section that analyzes the case and a Conclusion section that sums up the entire case.

Editorials

• Editorials are concise commentaries on a currently published article/issue on Journal of Biological and Medical Sciences. Editorial office may approach for any such works and authors must submit it within three weeks from the date of receiving invitation.

Clinical Images

• Clinical Images are nothing but photographic depictions of Biological and Medical Sciences and it should not exceed more than 5 figures with a description, not exceeding 300 words. Generally no references and citations are required here. If necessary, only three references can be allowed.
• Do not add separate figure legends to clinical images; the entire clinical image text is the figure legend. Images should be submitted with the manuscript in one of the following formats: .tiff (preferred) or .eps.

Letters to the Editor/Concise Communications

• Letters to the editor should be limited to commentaries on previous articles published with specific reference to issues and causes related to it.  It should be concise, comprehensive and brief reports of cases or research findings. It does not follow a format such as abstract, subheads, or acknowledgments. It is more a response or the opinion of the reader on a particular article published and should reach the editor within 6 months of article publication.

Acknowledgement: This section includes acknowledgment of people, grant details, funds, etc.Note: If an author fails to submit his/her work as per the above instructions, they are requested to maintain clear titles namely headings, subheading.

References

• Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list. Meetings abstracts, conference talks, or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should not be cited. All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant authors.

• OMICS International uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method. References are listed and numbered in the order that they appear in the text. In the text, citations should be indicated by the reference number in brackets. Multiple citations within a single set of brackets should be separated by commas. When there are three or more sequential citations, they should be given as a range. Example: "... now enable biologists to simultaneously monitor the expression of thousands of genes in a single experiment [1,5-7,28]". Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order for the relevant journal before ordering the citations. Figure captions and tables should be at the end of the manuscript.
• Authors are requested to provide at least one online link for each reference as following (preferably PubMed).

Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they cite, proper formatting of the references is crucial. Please use the following style for the reference list:

Examples

Published Papers

1. Laemmli UK (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227: 680-685.
2. Brusic V, Rudy G, Honeyman G, Hammer J, Harrison L (1998) Prediction of MHC class II- binding peptides using an evolutionary algorithm and artificial neural network. Bioinformatics 14: 121-130.
3. Doroshenko V, Airich L, Vitushkina M, Kolokolova A, Livshits V, et al. (2007) YddG from Escherichia coli promotes export of aromatic amino acids. FEMS Microbiol Lett 275: 312-318.

Note: Please list the first five authors and then add "et al." if there are additional authors. 

Electronic Journal Articles Entrez 

Programming Utilities

Books

1. Baggot JD (1999) Principles of drug disposition in domestic animals: The basis of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology. (1stedn), W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, London, Toranto.
2. Zhang Z (2006) Bioinformatics tools for differential analysis of proteomic expression profiling data from clinical samples. Taylor & Francis CRC Press. 

Conferences

1. Hofmann T (1999) The Cluster-Abstraction Model: unsupervised learning of topic hierarchies from text data. Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 

Tables
These should be used at a minimum and designed as simple as possible. We strongly encourage authors to submit tables as .doc format. Tables are to be typed double-spaced throughout, including headings and footnotes. Each table should be on a separate page, numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals and supplied with a heading and a legend. Tables should be self-explanatory without reference to the text. Preferably, the details of the methods used in the experiments should be described in the legend instead of the text. The same data should not be presented in both table and graph form or repeated in the text. Cells can be copied from an Excel spreadsheet and pasted into a word document, but Excel files should not be embedded as objects. 

Note: If the submission is in PDF format, the author is requested to retain the same in .doc format in order to aid in completion of process successfully.

Figures 
The preferred file formats for photographic images are .doc, TIFF and JPEG. If you have created images with separate components on different layers, please send us the Photoshop files. All images must be at or above , with the following image resolutions: Line Art 800 dpi, Combination (Line Art + Halftone) 600 dpi, Halftone 300 dpi. See the  for details. Image files also must be cropped as close to the actual image as possible. Use Arabic numerals to designate figures and upper case letters for their parts (Figure 1). Begin each legend with a title and include sufficient description so that the figure is understandable without reading the text of the manuscript. Information given in legends should not be repeated in the text. 

Figure legends: These should be typed in numerical order on a separate sheet.

Tables and Equations as Graphics
If equations cannot be encoded in MathML, submit them in TIFF or EPS format as discrete files (i.e., a file containing only the data for one equation). Only when tables cannot be encoded as XML/SGML can they be submitted as graphics. If this method is used, it is critical that the font size in all equations and tables is consistent and  throughout all submissions. 

Supplementary Information All Supplementary Information (figures, tables and Summary diagram/, etc.) is supplied as a single PDF file, where possible. File size within the permitted limits for Supplementary Information. Images should be a maximum size of 640 x 480 pixels (9 x 6.8 inches at 72 pixels per inch).

Proofs and Reprints
Electronic proofs will be sent as an e-mail attachment to the corresponding author as a PDF file. Page proofs are considered to be the final version of the manuscript and no changes will be made in the manuscript at the proof stage. Authors can freely download the PDF file. Hard copies of the documents are available on request. Please click on the link for the charges /pdfs/OMICS-Group-reprints-order-form.pdf

Copyright 
All works published by OMICS Group are under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. This permits anyone to copy, distribute, transmit and adapt the work provided the original work and source is appropriately cited.