黑料网

ISSN: 2168-9652
Biochemistry & Physiology: 黑料网
Make the best use of Scientific Research and information from our 700+ peer reviewed, 黑料网 Journals that operates with the help of 50,000+ Editorial Board Members and esteemed reviewers and 1000+ Scientific associations in Medical, Clinical, Pharmaceutical, Engineering, Technology and Management Fields.
Meet Inspiring Speakers and Experts at our 3000+ Global Events with over 600+ Conferences, 1200+ Symposiums and 1200+ Workshops on Medical, Pharma, Engineering, Science, Technology and Business

Inhibition of Glycosidases

Mahmoud Balbaa*
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
*Corresponding Author : Mahmoud Balbaa
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science
Alexandria University, El-Guish Road
El-Shatby, Alexandria–21526, Egypt
E-mail: mahmoud.balbaa@alexu.edu.eg
Received January 13, 2015; Accepted January 14, 2015; Published January 21, 2015
Citation: Balbaa M (2015) Inhibition of Glycosidases. Biochem Physiol 4:e129. doi:10.4172/2168-9652.1000e129
Copyright: © 2015 Balbaa M. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Visit for more related articles at Biochemistry & Physiology: 黑料网

Glycosidases or glycoside hydrolases (EC 3.2.1.) are hydrolytic enzymes, which catalyze the cleavage of the glycosidic bond of disaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides and glycoconjugates [1,2]. They include many important enzymes such as α-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1), α-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20), β-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21), isomaltase (EC 3.2.1.10), sucrase (EC 3.2.1.48), β-glucuronidase (EC 3.2.1.31) and trehalase (EC 3.2.1.28). These enzymes are important in the digestion, metabolism and processing of carbohydrates [3-6].
The inhibition of these enzymes is of great importance that has many applications. The inhibition of α-glucosidase is important for maintaining the postprandial blood glucose level [7]. Since trehalase regulates trehalose as the insect blood sugar and fungal storage sugar [6], the inhibitor of this enzyme is considered as either an insecticide or a fungicide [8,9]. In addition, trehazolin was found to act as a tight binding inhibitor of silkworm trehalase [10]. Furthermore, penta- O-galloyl-β-D-glucose has a potent inhibitory activity for maltaseglucoamylase complex from rat intestine [7]. In diabetic animals, the inhibition of intestinal α-glucosidase by acarbose lead to a reduction in glycosylated hemoglobin and the delay of the development of diabetic complications [11].
However, the inhibition of these enzymes is dependent upon the structure and configuration of the inhibitor. It was found that 1-deoxynojirimycin inhibits human α-glucosidase through hydrophobic interaction with the enzyme active site [12]. Hepatic lysosomal α-glucosidase from mice was strongly inhibited by phenyl 6-deoxy-6- (morpholin-4-yl)-β-D-glucopyranoside, whereas diethanolamine is a potent inhibitor for hepatic lysosomalβ-glucuronidase from the same animals [13]. Also, Hepatic lysosomal α-glucosidase from mice was strongly inhibited by 4-amino-3-(D-glucopentitol-l-yl)-5-mercapto- 1,2,4-triazole and its 3-methyl analogue [14]. Moreover, the heterocyclic thione derivatives 4,5-diphenylimidazole-2-thione, 4,5-Diphenyl-1,2,4- triazole-3-thiol and 5-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3- thiol are potent inhibitors of hepatic α-glucosidase and α-amylase from rabbits [15].Recently, it was found that Glycosyl-oxadiazolinethione and glycosyl-sulfanyl-oxadiazole derivatives asS- and N-glycosides inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase produced by Bacillus subtilis AH [16].
Finally, it was reported that the glycosidase inhibitors are important for drug design to be of applicable value. The heterocyclic thione derivatives have anticoccidial activity in rabbits by inhibiting coccidiosis-stimulated activity of hepatic α-glucosidase [17]. Glycosyloxadiazolinethione and glycosyl-sulfanyl-oxadiazolederivatives as S- and N-glycosides inhibit hepatic α-amylase and β-glucuronidase in experimentally diabetic rats [16]. In conclusion, variable inhibitors for glycosidases from different sources were intensively investigated for their structural and biological importance.

References

--
Post your comment

Share This Article

Article Tools

Article Usage

  • Total views: 13869
  • [From(publication date):
    March-2015 - Nov 22, 2024]
  • Breakdown by view type
  • HTML page views : 9465
  • PDF downloads : 4404
International Conferences 2024-25
 
Meet Inspiring Speakers and Experts at our 3000+ Global

Conferences by Country

Medical & Clinical Conferences

Conferences By Subject

Top