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Trauma Survey; Epidemiologic Studies; Physical Fitness; Forensic nursing

Introduction

The Brief Betrayal Trauma Survey, the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist–Civilian Version, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the Perceived Stress Scale were all completed by 95 adults who were homeless or had previously been homeless [1]. A demographics questionnaire also assessed the participants' health, relationships with their families, and histories of homelessness. Relationship with family, physical and mental health symptoms, and exposure to high betrayal (HB) and low betrayal (LB) trauma were the subjects of regression analyses.This study examines the relationships between family structure and adolescent physical health, behavior, and emotional well-being by utilizing data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics' Child Development Supplement [2].

Physical Fitness of Adolescents: The majority of other family types, according to the findings, tend to have worse outcomes for adolescents than two-biological-parent families. The outcomes of adolescents living with a father-only family are comparable to those of adolescents living with a single biological mother. There are few differences in adolescent outcomes based on parental marital status, despite the fact that the transition to a single-parent family has a negative impact on a number of outcomes. On the other hand, few associations are found for other types of transitions. While estimates based on adolescentand caregiver-reported outcome measures are comparable in terms of behavior problems, they significantly differ in terms of the adolescent's physical and emotional well-being; Compared to estimates based on caregiver reports, those based on adolescent reports suggest a stronger link between family structure and adolescent well-being [3].

Behavior: Poor family relationships and childhood exposure to HB trauma were associated with an earlier age at first episode of homelessness, and participants who had been subjected to a greater number of traumas as children were more likely to become victims again as adults. Betrayal trauma theory asserts that traumatic experiences in which the victim is not closely associated with the perpetrator are less harmful to mental health than traumatic experiences in which the victim is involved. The concept of betrayal among a sample of homeless individuals is the subject of this first study [4].

Profound Prosperity: Trauma exposure alone predicted symptoms of depression and perceived stress, whereas trauma exposure as an adult and an earlier age of the first homeless episode predicted symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. A higher rate of medical diagnoses was linked to experiencing traumatic events and becoming homeless as one got older. These findings emphasize that traumas characterized by a higher degree of betrayal are associated with more adverse outcomes, even among the most marginalized and frequently victimized individuals in our society [5].

Materials and Methods

Services provided by forensic nurses Victims, suspects, perpetrators, and witnesses to violence are all provided with direct forensic care by forensic nurses. While providing forensic consulting services to clients and interdisciplinary partners in healthcare and law-related agencies, the clinical forensic nurse investigator documents, secures, and preserves evidence.11 Some examples of primary services are as follows:

Assessment and examination of sexual assault

One of the primary uses for forensic nursing services. Male and female, adult and pediatric, living and dead victims of sexual violence make up these forensic patients. In 1974, a committee of doctors, prosecutors, and law enforcement agencies decided that registered nurses were the best clinicians to conduct rape examinations. As a result, sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE) programs were established. This program increased successful prosecutions, improved patient care, and alleviated an unnecessary burden on emergency physicians. The broader role of the forensic nurse examiner (FNE), which incorporates the SANE nurse's role, now encompasses the assessment, examination, evidence recovery, and photo documentation of all categories of forensic patients where medical treatment is not required. Previously, the practice of the sexual assault nurse examiner was limited to performing rape examinations. The most up-to-date technology and guidelines are used by the certified FNE in sexual assault examination. The FNE is being used by forensic pathologists more and more to recover medical and forensic evidence prior to an autopsy in cases of rape homicide. The American College of Emergency Physicians has supported the FNE concept, particularly in cases of sexual violence, and has contributed to the FNE's protocol development12. Prosecutors in the United States agree that forensic nurses make formidable courtroom witnesses [6].

Violence against women and children

One of the most harmful and often-ignored forms of universal violence and abuse that affects every nation. "Violence against women continues to persist as one of the most heinous, systematic, and prevalent human rights abuses in the world," stated UN Secretary General Ban Ki Moon. It inflicts devastating physical and psychological trauma on women and has wide-ranging implications for their families, communities, and societies. It is a threat to all women and a barrier to our efforts for development, peace, and gender equality in all societies. Female genital mutilation, forced marriage, stalking, commercial sexual exploitation like prostitution, pornography, and trafficking, wife battering, domestic homicides, honor killings, gender discrimination, female infanticide, and sexual harassment are all examples of violence against women. It is never normal, legal, or acceptable to commit violence against women, and it should never be tolerated or justified. Individuals (men and women), communities, governments, and international organizations all have a duty to assist in the elimination of interpersonal violence and to alleviate the suffering it causes [7].

The definition of forensic nursing is as follows

Forensic nursing was first recognized as a scientific discipline in 1991 by the American Academy of Forensic Sciences. At a crucial time in social and criminal hostility, this distinct discipline has merged with the forensic sciences and the criminal justice systems to provide policies that help meet the expectations of victims, the accused, and their families through accessible and cost-effective programs.6 the scientific investigation and treatment of trauma or death of victims and perpetrators of violence, criminal activity, and traumatic accidents through the application of the forensic aspects of healthcare in conjunction with the bio, psycho, social, and spiritual education of registered nurses [8].

Results

Four major themes emerged: "Protecting oneself " (subthemes "To shy away," "Being on your guard," and "Being disclosed"), "Being open-minded" (subthemes "Being confirmed," "Developing trust," and "Developing compassion"), and "Striving for control" (subthemes "Sensing mutual vulnerability" and "Regulating oneself "). Additionally, nurses' identities as healthcare professionals were challenged by working in a stressful environment in forensic psychiatry [9].

Conclusions

The nurses' professional identity is in jeopardy when they have to deal with aggressive patients with severe mental illnesses. Nurses must make an effort to understand what patients are going through and respond accordingly. Nurses may be able to respond to patients' needs more effectively by employing compassion-based strategies like self-reflection, emotional regulation, and distancing themselves when necessary [10].

Acknowledgement

None

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