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The Journal of Paediatric Medicine & Surgery mainly focuses and publishes data related to clinical laboratory medicine exclusive for the department of paediatrics. This area of medicine include the most important information to support life right from its beginning, hence the journal of paediatric medicine bring all such data together to support and aid scientific communities and medicine.

The paediatric medicine & surgery has several challenges in testing and diagnosis of paediatric illness and to provide health and care throughout several phases of pregnancy, birth, infancy, childhood and until the individual reaches adolescence.

The journal also encourages original research in the related areas like Clinical laboratory establishment and maintenance, Paediatric laboratory safety and guidelines, Standard operating protocols (Instrumentation, Sampling, Tests and Results), Paediatric Immunology of unique infections and diseases, Prognosis, Diagnosis based on lab results, Case studies with unique medical approaches, Standard data of age and gender specific reference intervals, Variables and analytical factors of lab tests, Laboratory research with Clinical practitioners experiment notes and observations, Teaching manuals and training instructions for education and awareness.

It invites original manuscripts in the form of research article, review article, short communication, case report, letter-to-the-Editor and Editorials for publication. All the published articles can be open to all online, without any subscription charges.

The journal operates Editorial Manager System for online manuscript submission, review and publication in an automated way. Experts in the field of paediatric medicine review the manuscripts under the guidance of Editor-in-Chief. . Approval of at least two independent reviewers and the editor is mandatory for the acceptance of the manuscript for publication.

Paediatrics

Paediatrics is the branch of medicine that deals with the medical care of infants, children, and adolescents.

Neonatology

Neonatology is a subspecialty of pediatrics focusing on the care of newborns, particularly those who are premature, ill, or require intensive medical attention. Neonatologists are trained to manage complex conditions such as respiratory distress syndrome, congenital anomalies, and infections. They work in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) to provide advanced care and monitor critical aspects of neonatal health. This field encompasses various aspects of newborn care, including early diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of neonatal conditions, aiming to improve outcomes and support the overall health and development of vulnerable infants.

Prenatal, Perinatal and Neonatal diagnosis

This is pertaining to the period right from gestation period until after two to three weeks of birth. This period is very crucial as the immunity is lower and susceptibility to infections is high.

Paediatric or Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry is a medical specialty focused on diagnosing, treating, and preventing mental health disorders in children, adolescents, and their families. It addresses a wide range of conditions, including anxiety, depression, ADHD, autism spectrum disorders, behavioral issues, and developmental delays. psychiatrists use a combination of therapeutic approaches, such as psychotherapy, behavioral interventions, and medication management, tailored to the unique needs of young patients. This field emphasizes a holistic approach, considering biological, psychological, and social factors that influence a child's mental health, and works closely with families, schools, and other professionals to support optimal development.

Child care

Child care is highly important aspect of child development and child care providers play a crucial role in the development. Child care is often handled by trained experts. It involves providing of first aid, primary education and all the other social activities of a child are closely monitored and guided.

Paediatric laboratory medicine

The laboratory investigations and testing is done on clinical specimens to arrive at a diagnosis and treat diseases at various phases of life right from birth until adolescence.

Paediatric Obesity and Metabolic Disorders

Paediatric Obesity and Metabolic Disorders are growing public health concerns, characterized by excessive body weight and related metabolic abnormalities in children and adolescents. These conditions are often associated with insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The causes are multifactorial, including genetic predisposition, poor dietary habits, lack of physical activity, and environmental influences. Early identification and management are crucial to prevent long-term complications such as cardiovascular diseases and psychological issues. Interventions typically focus on lifestyle modifications, including balanced nutrition, increased physical activity, and behaviour therapy, with pharmacological and surgical options considered in severe cases.

Paediatric Surgery

Paediatric Surgery is a specialized field focused on the surgical care of infants, children, and adolescents. It encompasses a range of procedures addressing congenital anomalies, traumatic injuries, and acquired conditions specific to younger populations. Paediatric surgeons are trained to handle the unique anatomical, physiological, and developmental aspects of children, ensuring tailored and effective interventions. Common procedures include corrective surgeries for congenital defects, minimally invasive techniques, and treatments for conditions like appendicitis and hernias. The field emphasizes both the technical aspects of and the compassionate, family-centered approach required to address the needs of young patients and their families.

Paediatric Endocrinology

Paediatric Endocrinology is a specialized field of medicine that focuses on diagnosing and managing endocrine disorders in children. It involves the study and treatment of hormone-related conditions such as diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders, growth disorders, and adrenal gland abnormalities. Paediatric endocrinologists work to address issues like delayed growth, precocious puberty, and metabolic syndrome, providing care tailored to the unique needs of children and adolescents. They employ a combination of clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and advanced imaging techniques to assess hormonal imbalances and develop personalized treatment plans. Their goal is to ensure optimal growth, development, and overall health for young patients.

Paediatric Infectious Diseases

Paediatric Infectious Diseases is a specialized field within Paediatric medicine that focuses on diagnosing, treating, and preventing infectious diseases in children from infancy through adolescence. It encompasses a broad range of conditions caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Specialists in this field work on managing complex infections, including pneumonia, meningitis, and . They are also involved in vaccination strategies, infection control, and emerging global infectious threats. The field combines clinical expertise with research to improve outcomes and advance understanding of Paediatric infections, contributing to better health and preventive measures for children worldwide.

Paediatric Hematology

Paediatric Hematology is a specialized field focusing on blood disorders in children. It involves the diagnosis and treatment of conditions such as anemia, leukaemia, haemophilia, and sickle cell disease. Paediatric hematologists work closely with families to manage complex disorders and provide comprehensive care that includes , supportive therapies, and long-term follow-up. They utilize a range of diagnostic tools and treatments, including blood transfusions, medications, and advanced therapies like bone marrow transplantation. The goal is to improve outcomes and quality of life for young patients while addressing their unique developmental and psychological needs.

Paediatric Pulmonology

is a subspecialty of pediatrics focused on the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory and lung conditions in children. This field addresses a range of issues from chronic asthma and cystic fibrosis to congenital abnormalities and respiratory infections. Paediatric pulmonologists work to manage and treat conditions that affect a child's breathing and overall lung function, often employing advanced diagnostic tools such as pulmonary function tests and imaging. They also collaborate with other specialists to provide comprehensive care, including managing long-term treatment plans and educating families on managing chronic respiratory conditions. Their goal is to enhance respiratory health and improve quality of life for Paediatric patients.

Paediatric Neurology

Paediatric Neurology is a medical specialty focused on diagnosing and treating neurological disorders in infants, children, and adolescents. It encompasses a range of conditions affecting the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and muscles. Paediatric neurologists manage disorders such as epilepsy, cerebral palsy, neurogenetic disorders, and neurodevelopmental disorders. They employ various diagnostic tools, including imaging techniques and , to identify and monitor these conditions. Treatment often involves medication, therapy, and, in some cases, surgical interventions. The goal is to improve neurological function, manage symptoms, and enhance the overall quality of life for young patients.

Paediatric Cardiology

Paediatric Cardiology is a specialized field within pediatrics that focuses on diagnosing and treating heart conditions in infants, children, and adolescents. It encompasses a range of congenital and acquired heart disorders, including congenital heart defects, arrhythmias, and heart failure. Paediatric cardiologists use various diagnostic tools, such as echocardiograms, electrocardiograms, and stress tests, to assess heart function and structure. Treatment may involve medication, lifestyle changes, or surgical interventions. The goal is to manage heart conditions effectively, ensuring optimal health and quality of life for young patients as they grow and develop.

Paediatric Gastroenterology

Paediatric Gastroenterology is a medical specialty focusing on the diagnosis, treatment, and management of gastrointestinal disorders in children. This field addresses a wide range of conditions affecting the digestive system, including chronic conditions like inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and gastroesophageal reflux disease, as well as acute issues like infections and congenital anomalies. Paediatric gastroenterologists work closely with other healthcare providers to ensure comprehensive care, utilizing diagnostic tools such as endoscopy and imaging. Their goal is to improve the quality of life for young patients by managing symptoms, providing nutritional support, and guiding long-term care strategies.

Paediatric Orthopedics

Paediatric orthopedics is a specialized branch of medicine focused on diagnosing, treating, and managing musculoskeletal conditions in children. It addresses a wide range of issues, including congenital deformities, traumatic injuries, and developmental disorders affecting bones, joints, and muscles. Common conditions treated include clubfoot, scoliosis, and limb deformities. Paediatric orthopedists use both surgical and non-surgical approaches tailored to a child's growth and development. The goal is to correct or manage conditions to ensure normal function and improve quality of life. This field requires a deep understanding of growing bones and the unique orthopedic needs of children and adolescents.

Bio-chemistry

The laboratory investigations related to physiochemical process of the human body are done.

Clinical Pathology

Haematology: This includes testing of morphology and physiology of blood and it is related to the diagnosis of blood, blood forming organs and blood related disorders.

Microbiology (Serology and Culture): This includes testing of clinical specimens for infection causing organisms their identification by morphology. It includes Staining techniques (Microscopy), Antigen-Antibody reactions (Serology), Culture of clinical specimens for making the organisms abundant for identification.

Virology

The laboratory investigations mainly focus on the diagnosis of viral diseases through testing by antigen-antibody reactions, culture and molecular methods.

Molecular diagnosis

The investigations mainly include testing at molecular level to arrive at a specific result. This mainly includes nucleic acid isolation, amplification and sequencing.

Genetic Disorders

Genetic testing is done based on family histories of a particular disease or right after birth based on symptoms to identify genetic disorders. It is highly essential to identify the genetic disorders at the earliest in order to provide treatment and care. Highly advanced testing like karyotyping, gene sequencing and amniotic fluid sampling involving both genetics and molecular tests are done.

Nutrition, Growth and Development

Most of the child deaths around the world are due to the lack of proper nutrition. Nutrition is highly essential for growth and development of a child, malnutrition or under-nutrition leads of decrease in resistance to illness. At the same time over-nutrition leads to several other complications like over-weight or obesity. Hence there has to be proper awareness right from feeding practices during the first years of life and providing a balanced nutrition for proper growth and development.

Ethics

All the ethical, legal and social issues related to children are highly essential to be known to create awareness and also to safeguard the child rights.

Clinical Laboratory Medicine

It’s a branch of medicine where tests are done on clinical specimens to obtain information about the health condition of the patient and arrive at a diagnosis for treatment and prevention of diseases.