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Abstract

Diabetic foot complications pose a significant challenge in the management of individuals with diabetes. The combination of peripheral neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, and impaired wound healing increases the risk of foot ulcers, infections, and lower extremity amputations. This abstract provides a concise overview of the current understanding of diabetic foot complications and highlights emerging strategies for their prevention and management. The pathophysiology of diabetic foot complications involves the interplay of multiple factors, including neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, and impaired wound healing. Risk factors such as poor glycemic control, longer duration of diabetes, presence of neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease, and foot deformities contribute to the development of foot complications. Assessment and classification of diabetic foot ulcers play a crucial role in guiding appropriate management. Various classification systems and imaging techniques aid in the accurate evaluation of diabetic foot complications. Prevention and management strategies encompass a multidisciplinary approach. Patient education and self-care play a vital role in promoting foot health and preventing complications. Multidisciplinary foot care teams comprising podiatrists, endocrinologists, wound care specialists, vascular surgeons, and orthopedic surgeons provide comprehensive care. Offloading techniques, wound care and infection management, revascularization, and surgical interventions are employed based on individual patient needs. Emerging therapies, including growth factors, cellular therapies, bioengineered skin substitutes, and advanced wound care technologies, hold promise for enhancing wound healing and reducing the impact of diabetic foot complications.