Research Article
In Vitro Antibacterial Effects of Crateva adansonii, Vernonia amygdalina and Sesamum radiatum Used for the Treatment of Infectious Diarrhoeas in Benin
Agbankpe AJ1 , Dougnon TV1*, Bankole SH1, Houngbegnon O1 , Dah-Nouvlessounon D2 and Baba-Moussa L2
1Laboratoire de Recherche en Biologie Appliquée (LARBA), Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi (EPAC), Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Bénin
2Laboratoire de Biologie et de Typage Moléculaire en Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques/Université d’Abomey-Calavi, 05 BP 1604 Cotonou, Bénin
- *Corresponding Author:
- Dougnon T Victorien
Laboratoire de Recherche en Biologie Appliquée (LARBA)
Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi (EPAC)
Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC)
01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Bénin
Tel: 00 22997736446
E-mail: victorien88@hotmail.com
Received date: March 20, 2016; Accepted date: May 30, 2016; Published date: June 02, 2016
Citation: Agbankpe A, Dougnon TV, Bankole SH, Houngbegnon O, Dah- Nouvlessounon D, et al. (2016) In Vitro Antibacterial Effects of Crateva adansonii, Vernonia amygdalina and Sesamum radiatum Used for the Treatment of Infectious Diarrhoeas in Benin. J Infect Dis Ther 4:281. doi:10.4172/2332-0877.1000281
Copyright: © 2016 Agbankpe A, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Diarrheal and infectious diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. With the emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria, the treatment of these diseases is problematic. This situation stresses the need to search for alternative antibacterial sources notably medicinal plants. The present study aimed to assess the antibacterial activity of three leafy vegetables commonly used to treat diarrheal diseases. Therefore, aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Crateva adansonii, Vernonia amygdalina and Sesamum radiatum were prepared and tested against 12 clinical isolates and 4 reference strains. The antibacterial activities were measured using a microdilution method to determine the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration, Minimal Bactericidal Concentration and the antibiotic power. Susceptibility tests of the extracts were carried out using well diffusion method.
The hydro-ethanolic extracts of the leaves of S. radiatum and C. adansonii and the aqueous extract of S. radiatum had an effective antibacterial effect on the clinical and reference strains isolates. This was supported by Minimal Inhibitory Concentration values ranging between 0.3125 and 5 mg/ml, Minimal Bactericidal Concentration between 0.3125 and 10 mg/ml, a bactericidal power on S. aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas mirabilis A 24974 (reference strains); Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio cholera and Salmonella Typhi (clinical isolates). For the active extracts, the inhibition zone diameters were significantly different (p<0.05) and greater than 9 mm. Extracts of the leaves of S. radiatum showed the best antibacterial effects on the clinical and reference strains isolates, although reference strains and most of the clinical isolates still more sensitive to antibiotics.
