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Abstract

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and multiple sclerosis are characterized by progressive neuronal loss, often accompanied by an imbalance in immune responses. Recent research in the Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuroimmunology (JCE Neuroimmunology) has expanded our understanding of the immune mechanisms that drive neurodegeneration. Immune system dysfunction, particularly in microglial activation, cytokine production, and T-cell responses, plays a central role in the pathophysiology of these diseases. This article reviews key findings from JCE Neuroimmunology, focusing on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of neuroinflammation, the contribution of innate and adaptive immune cells to disease progression, and the therapeutic potential of immunemodulating strategies.