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Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory impairment. Early diagnosis and accurate monitoring of disease progression are crucial for effective management and potential therapeutic interventions. Imaging biomarkers have emerged as valuable tools in the diagnosis and assessment of Alzheimer’s disease, providing insights into the pathophysiological processes occurring in the brain. This review explores the role of imaging biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease, focusing on the use of structural and functional neuroimaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and functional MRI (fMRI). These imaging modalities allow for the in vivo visualization of key pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease, such as amyloid plaques, tau tangles, brain atrophy, and metabolic dysfunction. We also discuss the clinical applications of these biomarkers in early diagnosis, differential diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating the efficacy of emerging treatments.